Charge-Resonance Effect on Harmonic Generation by Symmetric Diatomic Molecular Ions in Intense Laser Fields

In present paper we develop an analytic theory for the harmonic generation of symmetric diatomic molecular ions beyond two-level model, emphasizing the influence of charge-resonance (CR) states those are strongly coupled to electromagnetic fields for large internuclear distance. With taking into account the continuum states that is ignored in the two-level model and become important for intense laser case, our model is capable to produce spectrum for the whole range of harmonic orders consisting of a molecular plateau due to the CR transition and an atomic-like plateau for a long-wavelength excitation, and in good agreement with numerical results from directly solution of the Schrödinger equation. Our theory also identifies the crucial role of the CR states in the fine structure of harmonic spectrum and shows that the harmonic generation in molecular system can be effectively controlled by adjusting the internuclear distance.